The Structure and Function of the Endocrine System in the Body Essay

The Structure and officiate of the Endocrine System in the Body - Essay ExampleRelease of ductless glands is slow or fast. endocrine gland production ceases on attainment of the required physiological activity.The endocrine system regulates almost all the otherwise structures of the body. The circulatory system carries the secreted hormones to all the target tissues and organs. The main function of the endocrine system is homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintenance of the interior environment at a constant state for proper function of jail cells. Individual hormones affect cells that discipline a specific genetic program that allow them to respond. The secretion of hormones by the endocrine glands causes specific rejoinders that direct to corrective measures (Falvo, 2013374).Endocrine system functions by feedback mechanisms. The hypothalamus releases a hormone that triggers the pituitary gland to beget touch hormones. The stimulating hormone acts on the specific gland makin g it to secrete its hormone (Sherwood, 2012a, p19). When the level of this hormone increases in the blood, the hypothalamus and pituitary gland stop their secretion. The secretion by the target gland eventually stops. The cells concur receptors on the membrane. The hormones bind to specific receptors trough the key-lock mechanism. Polar hormones generate a chemical signal done a second massager because they are unable to penetrate through the cell membrane (Falvo, 2013378). The second massager activates the response of the target cell. The target cell begins the triggered activity.The non-polar hormones like the steroids enter the cell and bind to their receptors found in the cell cytoplasm. When it gets into the cell, it binds to the receptors on the nuclear membrane. This activates the hormone receptor complex, which in turn binds to the DNA stimulating specific genes to produce proteins.The following are the major glands that integrate for the proper functioning of the endocrin e system. They include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, parathyroid gland gland, pancreas, ovaries,

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Nursing - Assignment ExampleAlternatively, the implementation plan must fit in the evaluate standard that takes care of smooth technological integration, institutional organizational compatibility, transition management, flexibility, knowledge, and software program solution.Assessing the status of the practical application of the EMR at Betsy Johnson Regional Hospital for its relevance in terms of learning outcomes, there are some(prenominal) missing items for a standard model. On one hand, the time used to put together the EMR blueprint is just six months which could implicate the rest of the dodge implementation. On the other hand, internal expertise was tout ensemble applied in the completion which poses questions on the competitiveness of the final product. It could have taken a come apart direction if an assessment was conducted to reveal cost benefit analysis position interrogating outsourcing alternatives. In this respect, only EMR software is reported to have involved a vendor from outside the hospital, with unclear role and connection o the set team. Internal design issues however may have prompted the use of internal resources and expertise to the emolument of the institution. Relevance and completeness can therefore be assessed on the generation of resources and competence applied amid successes elsewhere in the generation of the best possible product.Apparently, the most talked about constraint in any information placement such as EMR involves financial inadequacy by the implementing institution. Once the funding obstacle is overcome at some level however, the most potent challenge is usually the integration into the existing system as well as the acceptability with which the human resource adopts the new system (Blumenthal and Glaser, 2007). At Betsy Johnson Regional Hospital, the system challenge of implementation and possible resistance of the sudden change is not highlighted. Whereas approval or rejection may not necessarily be a meas ure of

ROI social commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ROI friendly commerce - Essay ExampleIn the modern craft environment, tender media provides a great opportunity for commerce because of the large audiences that this media draws. But calling organizations grapple with how to come across the returns from investing in cordial media given that it does not give direct returns like the other cognize forms of investment. Indeed, the benefits accrued from investing in favorable media could be determined and this paper seeks to elaborate on how to specify this achievement. The Big Five Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and Pinterest - as referred to as by Marsden and Chaney (2012) provide sales opportunities in the emerging social economy. Social commerce has increasingly been adopted by organizations to reach out to wider market coverage more than stiffly. Griffin (2009) refers to such a strategy as social commerce which the scholar defines as harnessing the cognition of many from the Internet to assist shoppers in finding and buying products and services. The driving force behind this is the social media, which can no longer be considered as a fad but a plane section of todays consumers daily lives. ... The commerce aspect appreciates the need for human intervention for a sale to take place (Clapperton, 2012). Increasingly adopted by organizations sales arms, social commerce provides a circumstantial online sales strategy for firms as customers seek for fast product search tools. How to Use Social Media in Social Commerce Having the social media as the business tool and the great audience that comes with it would not be adequate in entirety. There has to be effective strategies in which organizations engage this audience through social media so as to convert the normal activities on the media into opportunities for sale. This is an aspect that organizations need to be well compose in as in the near future, social media would be so enshrined in regular business communication and would only be benef icial to those with effective conversion strategies. The first way in which social media would be used in social commerce involves sharing. According to Marsden and Chaney (2012), organizations now create sharable content allowing customers to tardily destiny links on their products or important website pages by placing buttons that would enable the like function for Facebook, share by email or Tweet. Social sharing gives the ability for users to share content stick on on the organizations website to their social profiles. Additionally, it allows for inclusion of comments on the item that has been shared. Therefore, social sharing provides an effective way of driving traffic back to the organizations site. Secondly, social media could be used as an effective tool to collect feedback through the ratings and reviews on products. While social sharing by record of mouth

Mitt Romney As Potential President of the USA Term Paper

Mitt Romney As Potential President of the USA - Term Paper ExampleBut he also plans to chasten the size of regime. In order to gene regularise that many more jobs, his plan conduct implement v (5) major initiatives, namely (1) Using Americas natural wealth in terms of on tap(predicate) energy resources, under his leadership, American expenditure for imported oil leave be rechanneled to local suppliers, thereby creating more jobs within the USA. (2) Under the Mitt Romney administration, USA allow engage in punter interchange by obliging China not to cheat by stealing US technology and marketing products with US technology at much lower prices. He will also find refreshful markets for American products in order to improve the American Trade Balance. (3) Americans will be given better skills, better education, and re-training to match opportunities and enable the people to find jobs wherein they ar qualified. (4) To further balance the budget, government will be trimmed down . This will cost some people their jobs. But as a result of having a better budget, Mitt Romney believes the economy will improve and break down more attractive to investors. He believes the government should have less debts in order to have a better economy. (5) Government will encourage and support the creation of miniscule businesses by eliminating red tape in government and compulsive the taxes to make them less burdensome to entrepreneurs. To Mitt Romney, the current government policies discourage hiring and adds cost, both of which discourage small businesses from being created or from growing. These plans were meant to make the presidential campaign website significant. It tells the people how the present economic troubles of USA its rising debt, its high unemployment rate, it deficit government budget, and internationally downgraded standing can be resolved. Under the Obama administration, high unemployment rate continues to haunt America. And it seems the US governmen t is sinking in rising debts with no solution in station after four (4) years of promising change. B. Mitt Romneys Solutions to Various Issues 1. National Defense (Afghanistan and Iran) In order to en real the establishment of a more lasting peace, USA must make sure that terrorists are finally reduced to complete defeat and incapable of reviving themselves so as to become a threat to Pakistan and the USA, as well as anywhere in the world. Terrorists must be fully defeated and prevented from being a threat to the national security of Pakistan because Pakistan has nuclear missiles. If those weapons of mass destruction are stolen as a result of a strong organization of terrorists, our world will face a tragic future in the light of weakened international security. Mitt Romney will work close with the US Military Intelligence and Field Commanders to make sure that the job of ending the terrorist organizations is thoroughly done. Iran, on the other hand, must not be allowed to possess or develop nuclear weapons. Or a nuclear arms race will take place among Middle East countries. And European countries will certainly be endangered by Irans nuclear capability. 2.Health Care Under the Mitt Romney administration, the wellness care program will be decentralized to be decided upon by the local government of each State. He believes that centralizing health care will only increase the cost of implementing health care because of the central government bureaucracy. 3. Abortion The morale standard of Mitt Romney is higher because he see the value of life. Under him, no

Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing Essay

Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing - Essay ExampleThe publisher Exploring Fashion, Fit And Affordability Report Analysing analyzes the fashion availability, fit and affordability in the UK stores. The objective of the research has not been presented clearly and distinctly. If the researchers dedicate a clear perception of the objective and the purpose of the research, it helps to develop the research manners more accurately. It also allows the commentator to understand the purpose of the study better. Presenting the purposes as above would make it easier for the researchers to analyse their research and findings more effectively, and strain what they intended to find. It also makes it easier for the reader to judge whether the findings corroborate with the purpose. Moreover it is easier to refer back to the purpose. The study utilise a mix of the quantitative and qualitative research methodology, as one of the prime objectives was to examine the enjoymen t/dissatisfaction with the retail experience. This would be difficult in a purely quantitative approach. Quantitative approach is evenly essential for this study because it enables distance between the observer and the observed. Moreover, quantitative research is descriptive and such a study requires description. A qualitative approach, on the other hand, allows the researcher to get an insider perspective on kind action (Knox, 2004). In the quantitative method the focus is on numbers while the qualitative method has the potential to reveal complexity. Pure quantitative research.

Constitutional significance of Article 1, section 8 of the United Research Paper

Constitutional significance of Article 1, region 8 of the United States Constitution - research Paper ExampleIn a detailed manner, article 1 partition 8 of the US Constitution specifies the powers of the relation. The section lists the powers of the Congress in addition to bestowing the Congress with the power to make rules that are deemed prerequisite and proper and to oversee their implementation. In the section, the law making powers are stipulated in the states. Among the core powers that are enumerated in article one section eight is the power to set taxes, tariffs and other ways of generating federal revenue. The section also gives the Congress the power to authorize the expenditure of all the federal funds (Law & Versteeg, P. 87).Article 1, section 8 of the Constitution gives the Congress the power to create postal services, Navy, Army, lower federal courts, the power to impress money and the power to declare war. The Congress is also bestowed with the power of determinat ion of naturalization criteria on how immigrants could make citizens of the United States. This power is thus beyond interference by any individual states. The duties of regulating supranational commerce, provision for the punishment of counterfeiting and the promotion and progress of science and are equally significant duties and powers the Constitution grants to the Congress (Law & Versteeg, P. 88).According to the National constitution center, article 1 section 8 of the United States constitution has an grand constitutional significance. The article and section purposes to ensure that the federal government through the Congress hold ons its validity in the country. By giving the Congress the core powers of determination of revenues for the country and mechanism of spending the funds, the constitution attempts to maintain the significance of unity within the states of the US. Through giving the Congress the power to constitute armies and Navy, the

Nutrition Education Intervention Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nutrition Education Intervention - Assignment ensampleOnly 58.9% had normal weight.The target audience complicate children and their parents because they both play a significant procedure in poor eating habits. Children are careless of their eating habits whereas parents fail to successfully discharge their parenting duties. require assessment leave be carried out by use of questionnaires. The behavioural and/or cognitive changes targeted include childrens eating lifestyles, awareness about healthy eating habits and participation in physical exercises/activities.In order to attract attention of the target audience, fascinating videos and pictures go forth be incorporated in messages communicated through and through social media, specifically instagram. A special application supported by android/smart phones will be developed for this purpose. Such development stems from the increased ownership and usage of mobile phones. Promotions on televisions will also be pursued.Al Junaidi , A., Abdulle, A., Hag-Ali, M., and Nagelkerke, N. (2013). The Prevalence and potential determinants of obesity among school children and adolescents in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. external Journal of Obesity, 37, 68-

Human Resource Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Resource Managment - naming ExampleThe other issue to look into is the ease in the flow of information from the management to the employees on matters pertaining to their welfare. When the management does the above well then the employees will have the drive to work better and harder. This is, in other words, a motivation which is all about the inner drive to act in a certain way. In this case, this inner drive is externally created by the management through good relations. When these devil aspects are combined, the employees find themselves working harder than before toward the realization of organizational goals and objectives. This is the end result of a manpower that has good relations within itself and with the management leading to their high motivation, which is productivity as stated by (Martin 2005). A good example to show how the three relate will be illustrated using a Sales and Marketing Company. Sales and marketing firms are known to be requiring employees who a re highly do as well as productive for the firms to gain market share and maintain profitability (Khan & Soverall 2007). However, the canonic hindering factor is the poor employee relations that exist. For the firms that have been successful, it is the relationship between the management and the employees that act as a catalyst to direct employees motivation toward higher productivity (Dyer 2007). Sales and marketing is not an booming job for the employees as targets are the order of the day and failure to contact ones targets almost always leads to imminent dismissal or low income. The firm, therefore, needs to come up with ways that will ensure that employees achieve their target with relatively manageable difficulty.

The issues human resources encounter on a day to fay bases Essay

The issues military personnel picks encounter on a day to fay bases - Essay ExampleThey overwhelm among others the management needs to develop clement resource strategies at the tune formulation level, delegation of the refine valet de chambre resource matters to sectional managers is important in freeing the gracious resource department and in the process allows it to focus on the ripening of strategic policies. This role becomes effective when the training section of the homophile resources training section equips the departmental and line managers with adequate, knowledge, skills, and attitude to enable them to develop and manage staff effectively. strategic functions of the human resource management form part of the core functions of the department, therefore, it is important that the selection and development of employees with the upright skills that fit the job description be thorough. The process of change is gradual hence, it must be mean and managed carefully. Th e value of the process is in the change in the organizations culture. Literature Review Armstrong, (34) suggests that business companies are involved in reorganizing their culture in the process of developing responsive and acceptable structures. Notably, achieving efficiency and profitability depends on innovative policies on the management of people, resources, and Financials. He gives priority to the process that the human resources department goes through in managing challenges in the day-to-day operations within the business. Crow, (1997, 23) posits that the issues of human resources management as a strategic onslaught to handling employees within business organizations is new and has existed for about three decades. Various factors influenced the development of human resources management from the traditional personnel department. They included an increase in pressure from competition brought by globalization and liberalization of trade a market. Other scholars among them Hen dry (44) hold that human resources management is not opposite in any way from the traditional personnel department apart from the change of terminology. Leggae (71) identifies new issues of human resource management as development of an integrated system for the management of human resource issues, transforming the approach to human resources management making the process more professional, dealing with the decentralization of the right human resource management issues, and delegation of appropriate roles of the human resources to departmental managers. Human Resource Issues and challenges Employers experience various human resource issues during their day-to-day operations. These issues include recruiting, productivity, training of employees, arranging staff, and eliminating discrimination within the organization. Employees working in the human resource management on the hand, face challenges that include conflict resolution and making sure that the employees in other departments operate within environments that are safe. Other concerns include dealing with issues that come with outsourcing, determining and distributing benefits, enhancing and maintaining heathen diversity. The company policy and human resources director dictate the manner in which individual organizations deal with human resource issues. The management of issues by the human resource management is a continuous process disregarding of the type and size of the company under discussion. Productivity Management and organization of employees make

Report of a company from the air - freight sector Essay

Report of a company from the air - freight sector - Essay ExampleThis is done to understand how arrangements get out execute in their near futures and the steps that can be taken in order to improve. Thus, the report suggests that condescension the decline in the organizations revenue due to the fall in their volume, they still pick out high potential to perform sanitary in the future. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 demarcation environment 4 PEST Analysis 4 Political 4 Economic 5 Social 6 Technology 6 Porters Five Forces 6 Rivalry in spite of appearance the industriousness 7 Bargaining power of the customers 7 Bargaining power of the suppliers 8 Threat of spick-and-span entrant 8 Threat of Substitute 8 Assessment of DHL 8 Assets of DHL 8 Strengths and Weaknesses 9 Customers sectionalization 10 Conclusion 11 Reference List 12 Introduction Today the performance of an organization is not only dependent on the internal factors within the organization, but also on the ou ter factors that continuously collide with the internal operations. In this context, DHL has been considered in this report, on which the outline will be conducted and recommendations will be made regarding the performance of their business. DHL is a segment of Deutsche Post DHL, a logistic company establish in Germany that provides international express mail service. Deutsche Post is the world leading logistic company with study international presence. They are the international market leader in air and sea mail. The organization was primitively founded in the year 1969 to distribute documents between Honolulu and San Francisco however, the organization managed to expand their services throughout the world. Inter-continental and inshore deliveries were the main interest of the organization. The organization served many other countries, not served by any other air-freight organizations, such as, North Korea, Vietnam, China, Iran, Iraq, einsteiniumern Bloc and Soviet Union (Z etes, n.d.). In order to conduct the performance analysis of the organization along with PEST analysis, Porters five forces, SWOT analysis as well as segmentation and targeting strategy of the organization, based on which the business performance will be discussed. Business environment PEST Analysis Political Air freight or air cargo is regulate by the policies established in the year 1994 in the Chicago Conference. When the policy was established, the air cargo industry was in its infancy and the agreements were mainly colligate to the limitation on foreign ownership and airline destination. These regulations were seen to affect the carrier operations such as, restriction towards the ground handling services and diversification of the ancillary functions related to air cargo. These restrictions had limited the ways of conducting business. In order to keep pace with the economic expansion and global trade, both the international and national regulatory frameworks related to air car go were made more liberal. For instance, in US, the deregulation in air cargo not only liberalised the licensing of the carriers, but also opened internal routes to encourage full competition. The common aviation area of Europe was decided, which allowed the carriers to operate in European Union. These reforms had sizeable impact in the air cargo industry by open up skies, providing them additional merchandise and access opportunities. However, the liberalisation was taking place at a slower pace for South East Asia. In 2002, Memorandum of

A study of prinicpals' understanding of learner-centered classrooms Dissertation

A study of prinicpals understanding of learner-centered classrooms - speaking ExampleUsing a quantitative approach methodology by Creswell, 2009, the study will stimulate use of surveys of principals from similar-sized rural elementary schools in Wisconsin. ACKOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people for whom I owe a great deal of gratitude for supporting me, not only in the completion of this dissertation, but throughout the past year. First, I would like to thank my dissertation supervisor , who expertly guided and motivated me everyplace the past months. Your enthusiasm is infectious and your humor is energizing. I am honored to be counted among your final class of students. Enjoy chasing those stars Thanks are too due to the rest of the lecturers on the course, including research methods guru. who shaped me into the .. scientist I am today, course leader .., whose insights I have taken onboard will no doubt serve well me well in the world of . Some of the most valuable lessons this year were imparted outside the confines of .. To my conjoin on the course from around the world, you were all worth the price of admission. Its been a pleasure. I would also like to extend an exuberant High-5 to .. ... Your belief in me infuses me with Herculean strength. I am eternally congenial and I love you all. DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated in loving memory to . that always believed in my ability and encouraged me to succeed personally, spiritually and professionally. My wife .mother , Grandmother ... mentors .. and my entire family. TABLE OF CONTENTS top...ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...iii DEDICATION...iv LIST OF TABLES.viii LIST OF FIGURES..ix CHAPTER 1.....1 INTRODUCTION..1 Statement of the enigma/Purpose of the Study...2 Research Question....2 Theoretical Framework for the Study..2 Limitations of the Study...3 Definition of call..3 CHAPTER

Over-education In the Ggaduate Labour Market Case Study Of UK Market Essay

Over-education In the Ggaduate push Market Case Study Of UK Market - Essay ExampleThis essay declares that there are various reasons that signify why policy maker needs to concern about the fact of over-education especially in recent time. Majority of the prole are leaving their logical arguments due to lack of job satisfaction and this imposes abundant waste on the government. In order to remove the incidence of over-education problem, government, and other policy makers are severe to modify the UKs labour market structure. They have already started to relate qualification of the future worker with the changing requirements of labour market. The literature on over-education shows that there was an unfavourable effect of the over-education issues on wage. The over educated people deserve higher wage than what they are actually paid. This paper has tried to evaluate the tax deduction of over-education problem among the graduate in the UKs labour market. Over-education has an i mpact on both wages and job satisfaction. In order to take away or reduce the consequence of over-education problem, the policy maker needs to last more concerned about the problem. In this context, several policies can be suggested here. The government needs to maturation the effectiveness of their strategies for creating skill-based jobs and improve the condition of the job market. Further, policy makers can advice workers on the labour market to fill their career option according to their qualifications. In this way, government can take future steps to eliminate the issues of over-education problem.

Anger, Hatred, Powerless, and Connection Term Paper

Anger, Hatred, Powerless, and Connection - Term root ExampleIn this paper, I address the conflict between the view that anger is different from curse and that anger and abuse are unitary and the very(prenominal) thing. In the following, I assume that there is temporary hatred that comes when one acts emotionally out of anger, which whitethorn not be distinguished from hatred that may cause a conscious anger and is remarkably different from anger itself. If Buber were to personalize the two equipment casualty and fit them into his dual system, he would group the temporal hatred and anger in I-Thou set where the entities comprise of, specific isolated qualities, just now engages in the same realm of unconsciousness. The permanent-conscious hatred and anger would be categorise as I-It where they are different and exist independently. Anger can lead to temporal hatred or permanent hatred. This relationship can be clearly explained by the following scenario. Mike is mired on th e highway by a traffic jam. He is supposed to attend a staff meeting, but the traffic is moving at a snails pace. While on the traffic jam, other car keeps intercepting and flouting traffic rules. At some point, the car attempt to fix itself ahead of Mike and it sparingly collides with his car. At this point, Mike rushes out with a metal bar, with eyes dilating, red and his heart thumping, and smashes the windscreen of the offend car. At this particular point, Mike is angry Mike was angered, and he developed a temporal hatred for the offending driver and the drivers action. Suppose on arrival, Mike find that his former manager, whom he hated for being un-understanding is professorshiping the meeting, and he decides to punish Mike by suspending him. On trying to explain his case, the chair interrupts and claims that Mike has always been late and that his actions are deliberate. Mike is angry again, and this time round he may not take action. Thich Nhat Hanh warns that, in our dai ly lives, we must practice mindfulness so as to detect anger, analyze the effect of anger that comes from inside us than that, which comes from without. This is because the primary cause of anger is the anger within us or the hatred within us, like the case of Mike and his manager. Thich quotes the Buddha who asked How can anger rustle in one who has no anger? Anger, being an emotional state of soul, could not arise if we had no seeds of anger in our store of consciousness because events and words act as catalysts of what is already within us. This is the effort as to why, two people can experience the same event or hear the same words, but one gets damn angry and the other one not. Therefore, in Mikes scenario, one person can be said to have self awareness of his state of emotion different the other. Since anger can lead to either noble actions or disgraceful ones, it means that we have understanding to choose what to do. Gould quotes Hanna and Brown (2004) lengthily regarding this self awareness thus Self-awareness entails individuals ability to label their emotions, whether pleasant or unpleasant, and to accept them as part of being human. Self-esteem involves an acceptance of emotions as pertinent information approximately the self and an ability to act responsibly on those feelings. When individuals are not able to tolerate their fears or anxieties, they develop controlling, or addictive behavior intended to numb unpleasant emotional states. (p. 81-82) Thich analyzes that one should headwaiter his or her own anger, so as to help others manage theirs. This self mastery emanates

English 11 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English 11 - Article ExampleTogether with the portability of these devices, the computational capability of smartphones behave made the devices increasingly become popular with 42% of all roving subscribers in the US using smartphones, where 37% and 60% of adults and teens respectively acknowledge their addiction to the devices (Sarwar and Soomro 218). In fact, Boulos, Wheeler, and Jones observe that the devices have offered immense competition to personal computers in their market and have impacted not only on the manner in which we exceed, still also on our sense of culture, community, identity and relationships (2). Thus, this paper articulates the positive and minus effects of smartphone engineering with regard to how it has transformed plentys way of communication, conducting and transacting in business and entertainment. Smartphone technology has changed the way people communicate, making it even more convenient. Other than its portability, a smartphone offers Internet co nnectivity capabilities which open up the device to mixed ways through and through which communication, whether formal or informal could be undertaken. One of the weaknesses that electronic mail communication had before the advent of smartphones according to Derks and Bakker was accessibility. E-mails would only be accessed in the presence of a computer. yet smartphones offer wireless Internet connectivity much(prenominal) that users receive and respond to e-mail communications whenever, wherever. This makes people available whenever needed, hence more appreciation of e-mails as communication tools. Other than instant communication, smartphones provide various options through which people communicate. The devices have transformed people from using the traditional modes of communication, particularly e-mails and phone calls, to other modes such as WhatsApp, an application that allows for instant messaging. Such applications have transformed group communications such that people n o longer have to meet physically to communicate. Rather, through group communication platforms, such as applications like WhatsApp and social media platforms, groups interact conveniently. If need be, these people could see each other as they communicate through the web cameras on the devices which bridges the distance (Boulos, Wheeler, and Jones 4). This has greatly reduced on the time that was initially spent to make decisions, thus people not only enjoy the convenience of the technology but also the promptness with which it allows for decisions to be made. The portability and greater functionality of smartphone technology have transformed the way entrepreneurs conduct businesses and bring to pass their transactions, hence giving business greater capabilities, which in turn generate more business opportunities. In a study conducted in Malaysia, Osam et al. (274) acknowledge the advancement in computing power and connectivity of smartphones compared to contemporary mobile phones. Businesspeople appreciate this capacity and use smartphones to conveniently and promptly access the required information, be it on stocks, market prices of commodities or foreign exchange rates among others. This enables them to make prompt and informed business decisions whenever needed, no matter of their location. Moreover, marketing being an important component of business has greatly transformed with the introduction of smartphones to the market. Marketers use the various communication

Limited War Strategy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Limited War Strategy - scent for Paper ExampleOne of the important aspects of this war is the manner in which its level has been written. This paper shall look at two histories of the war-one written by Dwight Jon Zimmerman and the other by George Moss. The former is a graphic history and the latter is a conventional history written in the format of a text edition. These entail galore(postnominal) differences in the kind of issues that they deal with and the emphases that they place on certain(p) issues. George Mosss account deals with issues of the policies that were adopted during the check from 1965 to 1967. The policies are what the fierceness is laid on and the methods used to illustrate these events are exactly that - illustrations. They are not looked at as events in themselves but as illustrations of larger political policies that were important at a certain point in history (Moss). However, in Zimmermans account, there is a fundamental difference. The emphasis is laid on the various(prenominal) battles that were fought and the battalions that were part of these particular battles (Zimmerman). This emphasis makes the history much more accessible and makes the history one that has characters who are very human kinda than figures of political authority who do not seem to have a personality to speak of. This is a view of history that incorporates the views of the masses as well as opposed to one which is based exclusively on a casebook format. The fortune that Zimmerman talks of where General Westmoreland and his men establish good relations with the villagers in Vietnam so as to pull back their interests into account while fighting battles seems to be included having taking into account the format of the book (Zimmerman). This consequence can be depicted much better in a graphic format, and the portrayal of individual relations between the soldiers and the villagers that the author wishes to demonstrate works better through with(predicate) the graphic format that he adopts. In the case of George Moss, there is a description of the tussle between Douglas MacArthur and Harry S. Truman (Moss). This exemplifies the spirit of the textbook where there is an understanding of history as it happened involving the larger players like the politicians. The understanding of history is from above rather than from below. This is not to say that the graphic format is the best. There is a great deal of the larger get wind that is befuddled when the graphic method is employed. Political machinations and their effects on the people are usually lost in Zimmermans account. These can be better understood through Mosss account through a description of the limited war theories that he explains in words. This loss is then sought to be made up through pictures but the political complexity of the war is lost to a certain extent. Zimmerman highlights certain sections of the text so as to capture the attention of the reader. Certain abbreviatio ns like Combined perform Platoon (CAP) are printed in bold face (Zimmerman). This makes it clear that the aim of the narrative is not merely to foster but also to educate. Such aspects of the narrative make it clear that graphic history and conventional textbook histories are meant to complement each other and not exist in isolation from each other. The illustrations serve the purpose of humanizing the entire narrative and also make it possible for younger readers to understand and know the expand of the Vietnam War. There

Analyzing the integral role sentencing plays in the criminal justice Essay

Analyzing the integral role sentencing plays in the sinful justice process and its effects on society - Essay ExampleThe purpose of sentencing is enclosed in a wide array of basic philosophies. Some people believe in the old axiom you do the crime, you do the time. Others believe that sentencing the offender will prove societys attitude on justice. However, the basic doctrines surrounding the role of sentencing are rehabilitation, deterrence, retribution, and incapacitation. Rehabilitation is a way wherein a convicted person is given another chance to start anew after being assessed and educated. He or she is allowed the possibility of exhalation back to society with hopes that the person can live by the legal philosophys and start life all over. any of society believes in rehabilitation as one principle of sentencing. Belief of deterrence is another principle of sentencing. It is believed that society can prevent people from committing crimes more than once if a standard for sentencing different crimes is created. Retribution, on the other hand, is a principle that assumes that convicted individuals should be given the warranted punishment because they deliberately committed similar crimes repeatedly. On a personal note, retribution is a way of getting even with the criminal. Lastly, incapacitation is a principle base on the belief that isolating a criminal from society will help bring most reformation. Every particular sentencing is limited by the beliefs and influence of the society regarding the principles behind the sentencing standards. For any sentencing judge, forming a sentencing finding of fact could be the hardest and most complex duty, since the judge is responsible for woeful Justice 3 delivering the lower limit up to the maximum sentence. In criminal proceedings, defendants who arrive at the sentencing part are those who have not and escaped or finished the correctional filter. Either the jury or bench trial put them guilty, or they h ave pleaded guilty of a crime. The court then decides what to do with these offenders. Factors of sentencing that determines the appropriate sentence for every crime have all undergone careful scrutiny. State level legislatures compile penal codes within the standards situate by the regulation of the United States. These legislatures allow the creation of punitive limitations by enacting that all crimes are taken into consideration. Sentencing judges utilize the state laws in creating verdicts for every criminal offense. A sentencing judge has a crop of guiding principles within the confines of his or her jurisdiction in handing down sentences on a case-to-case basis. any(prenominal) sentence delivered by the sentencing judge should be within the standard punishments for the particular crime. Additionally, there is a close factor which sets the flexibility of a judges sentencing terms. This limiting factor is called determinate. Determinate is the workings of legislation where a standard is set by the body of government regarding bargaining. For instance, capital punishment involves only either life sentence or death sentence. The process of sentencing involves three stages, namely legislation, judicial, and administrative phases. Determining the minimum and maximum disciplinary sentences for crimes is done during the legislation stage. Reviewing and providing a final verdict within the set standards of the law are done during the judicial stage. Finally, overseeing the length of time the offender serves time is done during the administrative stage. Criminal Justice 4 In the United

Western society VS eastern society Essay Example for Free

Western baseball club VS easterly society EssayWestern Society VS Eastern Society In After the First wipeout there was major antagonism between the two different societies, the western (American) and eastern (Arabic) societies. Among the eastern society in the novel, appropriate education, value for life and the individual were merely betrayed and violated, they simply did not exist. However, wholeness involvement that did exist very strongly was patriotism. The eastern societies are firm believers in patriotism and are tendinous patriots. The western society too believed in patriotism, however not nearly as strongly as the easterners. Yet, they still comprised of the values of life and the individuals themselves. Both sides believed in patriotism in their birth counselings. Both showed applaud and devotion to whizzs country. This was what the major conflict was all about. They both conceived and believed that their ways of life were accurate and proper. Nevertheless, on ly one side in the end was going to win. Either youre a immense patriot or a great fool. (Page 192) This was a statement made by Artkin to the general, Bens father. The general stated that he was both.A great fool for risking his sons life in order to save Inner Delta, and a great patriot because he was willing to loose his own son and to go all lengths merely to save Inner Delta. didactics played an immense role in the way Miro and Artkins society were educated, as appose to the American education system. I went to a special school, where I was taught the use of weapons and explosives. Combat with the knife, the gun, the hands. (Page 124) This was how Miro the terrorist was educated, accompanied by thousands of other egotistic and ruthless future terrorists.Yet, still to this day there is no difference in the education system, and nothing has changed. Dictatorship and absolute authority are still operated in the eastern societies as well as continuing to teach terrorism and total patriotism. Miro had dared not question Artkin-no one was so foolish as to do that. (Page 60) This revealed how Miro was taught not to question authority, as appose to the American society, where questioning is believed to be encouraged and dictatorship is unheard of.Miros assignment was to kill the driver. Without hesitation. (Page 17) Life for Miro, Artkin and other terrorists were nonmeaningful and empty, they did not value or appreciate life. They too were also extremely apathetic when it came to other peoples lives. And inflicting expiration did not bother him (Miro), neither did the contemplation of the act. (Page 18) That it does not matter whether or not I drop dead away. Whether or not I (Miro) live or die. Whether anyone else lives or dies. I have served my purpose. (Page 217) These two particular(a) quotes illustrated that other peoples lives as well as their own lives were pointless, and that it would not even scare them to see their own lives or other peoples liv es perish. Automatically this paints a picture of how the two different societies in the novel lived, and the intellect for all the conflict. Both societies had different beliefs and different views on life, which in this case produced major antagonism. Both believed that their way of life was superior to all others, and in order to prove that, they were willing to go to all lengths.

Stop Torture Essay Example for Free

Stop Torture EssayWould you authorize torturing an individual in order to make extra the lives of hundreds? A majority of the population would agree that sometimes dun proceeds necessary. Employed during war, many civilians believe straining is justified as a method to retrieve information to save lives and many military military unit would argue that the same methods would be used against their comrades. Contrary to the majority, the use of strain is unnecessary because it harms innocent individuals, provides inexact information, and contradicts Americas efforts in making the world a burst place. People have complicated lifes regarding the use of anguish to capture flagellumist or prevent terrorist attacks. Some can argue that torture is an impressive method that can be used to get suspects to speak so that authorities can do quickly. The use of torture can help soldiers retrieve valuable information from captured terrorist to prevent damage from other terrorist. Secondly, if terrorist be non limited to physical violence and acts of immortality, why should soldiers who protect innocent people be limited to nonviolent interrogation.Many will argue that terrorist are not afraid to use violence, hence, we should not be afraid either. Last but not least, why should one have empathy towards people who are intentionally causing mayhem and madhouse? While these are seem as reasonable arguments to relinquish the use of torture, at that place are many consequences and drawbacks that are associated with the use of torture. There have been many instances describe where American soldiers treated other innocent Iraki civilians in custody with inhumanity and ruthlessness, such as the infamous stories of Abu Ghraib.Abu Ghraib has been in news articles for quite some time, and reporters have provided insight on how innocent civilians were thrown in prisons and treated with inhumanity and cruelty. The documentary Taxi to the Dark Side, written and directed by Alex Gibney, is virtually a taxi driver who was taken into custody at an U. S. military base in Abu Ghraib. He was stripped naked on arrival, chained to the ceiling, and beaten several times a day. After constant five days of excruciating disquiet and torture, he died. One must stop and wonder why the American government at Abu Ghraib canonical such inhumane methods?They did not. These techniques of chaining prisoners to the ceilings, using physical violence, and waterboarding were notwithstanding sanctioned in Guantanamo Bay. However, these practices migrated to Abu Ghraib without any official orders. The guards at Abu Ghraib must have reasoned that if torture was allowed in a military base, why limit these cruel methods to just one base? This misguided reasoning spreads chaos and along with it derives horrifying incidents like Abu Ghraib. American soldiers who were the guards at Abu Ghraib wanted to contribute and help their mission be pass off succeed.For them, t orture was approximately obtaining information from prisoners by any means necessary to help war efforts. However, the feeling of being superior to Iraqi prisoners light-emitting diode them to treat these innocent men like dogs (Gibney). In the article, The abolition of Torture, author Andrew Sullivan argues that torture is not only ineffective but in any case morally wrong. Andrew Sullivan writes this article in response to Charles Krauthammers belief in the need for torture and Krauthammer defines a terrorist an unlawful combatant.He lives outdoors of laws of war because he does not wear a uniform, he hides among civilians, and he deliberately targets innocents (Sullivan). Knowing that there are many instances where innocent individuals are thrown into prisons as terrorist by government officials. What difference is there between the American government officials and terrorist if both harm innocent individuals? In order for us to bear out faith in humanity, we must treat every one with humanity in mind terrorist or not. The use of torture spreads like a forest fire and brings down innocent individuals with it.Another reason torture is unnecessary because it generates inaccurate information. When facing torture, prisoners will say almost anything to make the pain go away. This very much leads to ill-considered information and wastes valuable time. The American government approved waterboarding as a method of obtaining information from prisoners flat after September 11, 2001. In an article written by Senator John McCain, who was tortured for years as a prisoner of war during the Vietnam War, he provides an insight on the truth behind the use of torture.Senator McCain recounts intercourse with CIA director Leon Panetta, Panetta stated, None of the three detainees who were waterboarded provided Abu Ahmeds real name, his whereabouts or an accurate description of his role in al-Qaeda (McCain). Khalid Sheik Mohammed was waterboard 183 times, yet he did not p rovide any vital information that led to capturing Osama Bin Laden. This clearly demonstrates that torture is not an effective method because the results can be inaccurate and often misleading. Finally, yet most importantly, the use of torture reverses Americas efforts of making the world a better place.For a area to become an example of justice or humanity, its actions must represent its ideals. When the world hears about Americas policy on torture, it contradicts their efforts of going to trey world countries to fight off terror and establish state. In his article U. S. Went to the Dark Side on Torture, Charles C. Krulak observes that Americas policy on torture alienated would-be allies and fueled Al Qaedas recruiting efforts. Many religionist extremist and terrorist recruiters use incidents like Abu Ghraib to influence individuals to take part in terrorist activities.Children growing up in third world countries who witness instances like Abu Ghraib can easily be misguided an d join terrorist camps. Americas policy on torture causes more chaos and takes away from what it means to be an American. America was founded as country for the free, brave, and ones who believe in democracy. We classify ourselves as the world police and protectors of humanity. However, our government justifies taking Iraqi civilians treating them with inhumanity and putting them through cruel and unusual punishments.Arent these actions forbidden by the American ecesis? The American constitution is the building block for American civilization. The constitution along with the Bill of Rights not only protects the freedom of citizens of the world but also guarantees them the right to a trail. What has happened to the beliefs that founding fathers laid out for our country to follow? IF we are to set an example for justice and democracy, we must stop the use of torture. The goal of democracy is that every man should be treated equally.On the other hand, torture is an act of inflicting p ermanent pain and grief. Democracy and torture can never go hand in hand. Torture should never be a way to gain advantage over an individual, whether it is mental or physical. Torture is merciless, unkind, and brutal, which can also define the character of the user and becomes a part of his/her human nature to feel a smell out of empowerment toward another human being, in other words the enemy. As a result, torture influences both sides to ongoing revenge, anger and violence.Torture served no purpose to initiate anything positive for our world straightaway or tomorrow. Mahatma Gandhi once stated, An eye for an eye leaves the world blind. If the world leaders continue to exercise methods of torture, whence there will be no room for the advancement of humanity. America should not use torture to fight against terrorism. As the use of torture is terminated, the world will have a chance to come together and end terrorism because the main root of terrorism is being inhumane and we sho uld not rowlock in that category by using torture as our way to fight against it.

Southwest Airlines Essay Example for Free

S push donehwest Airlines EssayMarketing is a vital part of any business and is an built-in component of selling any product. Whether the business is a small(a) mammary gland and pop operation or a world leader, market is a part of the business. Because on that evince argon many ways to pull through the needs of the customer, a straight-forward approach is to consider the four Ps of the merchandise variety. This paper go forth try the marketing mix and give examples of the marketing mix as it pertains to southwestern Airlines. The four elements of the marketing mix are product, side, advancement and price. Product is the good or service sold to satisfy a customers needs. shopping centre involves all of the decisions required to make the product or service available in the target market, or customers, place. Promotion is the process of informing the target market of the product. Finally, the fourth element of the marketing mix is price. terms setting includes compo nents such as analysis of price setting by the competition as telephone set as analysis regarding acceptance or rejection of prices by the identified market (McCarthy and Perreault, 2002, pp. 48 50).The United States airline business industry is very competitive. Following the attacks on September 11th, there have been several airlines that have at peace(p) out of business or have filed bankruptcy. souwest Airlines has been able to stay in business and out of bankruptcy. southwestern Airlines is the only major airline to be profitable for the past 20 years (McCarthy and Perreault, 2004, p. 7). This is in part to their marketing department. Southwest Airlines is an airline with a creative marketing department.The airline industry in the United States has seen many changes of the years. In the early days of air travel, only the wealthy could afford to fly. momentary to a destination was a luxury and not a part of everyday life. Today there is a wide variety of airlines and app eals to a wide variety of consumers. Southwest Airlines distinguishes its products and services from the competition through its marketing campaigns. The Dallas-based airline carved its niche in short-haul flights with low prices, reliable service, and a healthy intellect of humor (Armstrong, G Kotler, P., 2005, p.318). This humor is a major theme in the marketing campaign. Southwest distinguishesitself as a fun airline, known for wry in-flight commentary from pilots and cabin crew members (Armstrong, G Kotler, P., 2005, p.318).Southwest has brought the place aspect of the marketing mix to all consumers. The place aspect of the marketing mix is where and when to deliver the product. Southwest Airlines uses conglomerate avenues for this. One area is providing an 800 number for the consumer to check pricing and availability. Another avenue used is the net. Southwest Airlines has won several awards for their internet site. The internet site allows the consumer to visit Southwest from anywhere there is an internet connection. So, if you are at the library, office, internet caf, or on a portable device such as a Blackberry, Southwest is there.Southwest has become known as a low cost airline. through research, Southwest found there is a need for a low cost, no frills airline. Price was intimately-valuable to the consumer when choosing an airline. A poll taken by Airliners.net surveyed, 31% ranked ticket cost as the most important factor when choosing an airline (Airliners, 2006).For the price element of the marketing mix to work, Southwest streamlined its operations. By lowering their costs, Southwest can offer lower fares than their competition. For example, Southwest used one type of aircraft, Boeing 737s, all equipped with the same flight instruments. By doing so, Southwest saves time and money in training their employees on only one type of equipment. Management can substitute aircraft, reschedule flight crews, or change over mechanics quickly. The tac tic also saves money through lower spare-parts inventories and part deals when acquiring new planes (Kotler Keller, 2006, p. 427).The closing P of the marketing mix is promotion. Southwest promotes its services is a variety of methods. Television commercials air during highly viewed hours such as sporting events or popular television shows. These commercials usually have a humorous tone as well as information on the latest special. Southwest latest marketing tool is named Ding. Ding is a com commiter program which allows the consumer to be notified of specials.Notifications of the specials occur at various clock of the day and may occur multiple times per day. The moving picture for this is a tail of a Southwest plane and appears in the system tray (lower right hand corner of a computer screen).When the specials arrive the icon changes to a piece of mail over the tail section of the plane and a sound occurs. The sound is the Ding tone heard in the Southwest television commerci als and in the cabin of the airplane. The consumer can get through on the icon to launch the software. The screen appears with the details of the latest special. These specials are market specific and are focused on time availability. The public relations for Southwest speak to the character of the company. Southwest sponsors various charitable events and the employees, including the CEO, volunteer for various events. The charity work Southwest does also aids in the promotion of the company. The consumer may feel the company is good because of its social responsibility.The four elements relate to an organizations marketing strategy. Marketing is however one element of an organizations overall business plan. By understanding the product which the organization is producing, the company will be able to determine materials needed, staffing needed to produce the product, and establish the cost to produce the product. Marketing should not take over production, accounting, and finance of an organization. Marketing should be included in these functions to aid in oversight and coordination.Understanding the cost of the product will allow the organization to price the product. The price of the product may vary. The reason for the varying in price is based on the customer perceived value of the product. A product with a higher price tag is generally perceived as a better quality product, while the inverse is also true. An organization should price a product at the point which will benefit the organization best.Marketing is an important element for any business. By analyzing the four Ps of product, price, place, and promotion, an organization can have a successful marketing campaign. Whether the business is a small mom and pop organization or a major corporation such as Southwest Airlines, marketing can play an important role in its success. Understanding the marketing mix will put an organization on the road towards this success.ReferencesAirliners. (2006). Passenger Survey. Retreived March 9, 2006 from http//www.airliners.net.Armstrong, G Kotler, P. Marketing An Introduction, Seventh Edition. (2005). New York assimilator Hall.Kotler, P Keller, K. Marketing Management, Twelfth Edition. (2006). New York Prentice Hall.McCarthy, E.J. Perreault, W.D. Basic Marketing A Global managerial Approach. (2002). New York The McGraw-Hill Companies.McCarthy, E.J. Perreault, W.D. Marketing Principles and Perspectives, Fourth Edition. (2004). New York The McGraw-Hill Companies

The Amazon. com company Essay Example for Free

The Amazon. com community EssayThe Amazon. com company was founded by Bezos Jeff in the social class 1994 and the year 1995 marked the launching date for the company. According to Miller (2005) the company deals with the sale of products through the Internet. The electronic American commerce line of reasoning has attracted a lot of business the world over.The company has a bookstore business which is on line, it in like manner has come up with variant lines of products such as MP3 formats, VHS, CDS, electronics, video games, furnitures, app arl, computer software, toys, and food. The join kingdom, Canada, Japan China and France are places within which the Amazon. com has established its websites (Trevino, 2005). The company also offers shipping services globally to places where the companys products are distributed.The Amazon. com as one of the leading companies in the electronic commerce business has faced various repugns which pressurizes its operations. One of the pres sure the company realises is the take to be powerful in the data management of the customers who go transactions with the company.Montes (2006) posited that business operation on the net is not easy to manage. The company is forever and a day challenged by the issue of tracking down the various channels through which business operates and to come up with a good line of battle of data in order to know how the sales of the company are progressing.Where the collection of data is not well managed, it would be hard to know what is exactly taking place in the business. Many companies running the e commerce choose been unable to track down their data effectively and ended up operating the business blindly.The amazon company has had challenges burdening from the need to ensure that SEO-finding of the company is effective and also ensure that traffic over the world of Internet is sufficient (Lefebvire, 2006). The company has to hold with the umteen competitors who have emerged in the e commerce business.For e very(prenominal) business to succeed in the e commerce, it is grand to ensure that while customers are shopping for goods over the Internet they can be in a position to see the website of the company on the front page. If a company is not in a position to appear on the top while the others do, chances are that very few customers will get information about the companys products and this leads to less sales (Strander, 2002).The company managers are al representations on their toes trying to fight clean ways of expanding and diversifying the companys product. With the increase in the the number of companies which are taking part in the e-commerce, it is very dangerous for any company to reach the comfort zone. Dakota (2004) posited that the new companies in the market have tried to come up with substitute products which are offered by the amazon.These competitors are aggressive and always fighting to pass on a great traffic on the net by using variou s links and proving to be the most attractive home pages on the net. The amazon company has the pressure of ensuring that it utilizes the modern technology and ensures that it secures the go around position in the Internet world. Application of strategic planning is also an important aspect. The company is always in need of attaining the best strategies to maintain as a leading company in the Internet.The need to secure the best system intergeneration for the company is of utmost importance for the success of the business. The Amazon. com has the pressure to ensure that its softwares are effective and that it is in a position to secure disparate systems which include inventory management, quick books, hire processing and order processing.These equipments are of utmost importance to ensure that the communication system within the company is effective. Failure to afford these items the communication system in the company gets to break down.According to Vessel (2006) the result is th at the tracking of the channels through which the business operations of the company are taking place becomes hard. A business needs these systems if it wants to be in a position to measure its performance in the past, the impersonate and forthcoming performance. With this facilities the company is able to compare its performance with the competitors and know what business strategies it needs to use in order to keep leading in the e commerce business.Quinn (2001) posited that the other challenges faced by the Amazon. com is the need to ensure that the product sourcing methods and procedures are effective, margin shrinking and rising fees are also important issues. This issues primarily occur in the auction scenarios but it is important for every business to ensure that any challenges that have great effect on the activities which helps to improve the function of the business are tackled first.Failure of putting measures to restraint the challenges facing a business leads to the g oing down of the organization and the weakness in management skills. A company needs to first ensure that its operations are effective before it moves to the next feel of considering expansion issue. Without an efficient operation and management, a company may not be in a position to realize any profits.The Amazon. com is also pressurized by the need of change and adjustment to the ever changing infrastructures and the emergence of new products in the market. According to Winston (2003) there have been new industries coming up in the market with new products and infrastructure and the challenge is overcoming the obstacles which may prevent a company from adjusting to the changes.Virtual or digital products are a good example of the products which have emerged into the market and customers are in a position to access them by downloading the products from any destination. The soundtrack as one of the products gives the customers the power to decide whether they want to refrain the product in virtual form or whether they would like to be accessed in the physical form.The challenge which is associated with this products is looking for the category where this products may placed considering the industry category which traditionally used to host the products and the new digital dimension in which the products take (Short, 2004). The issue of application of intellectual rights on property is also difficult and the company get problems while choosing which customary laws to apply.The emergence of new industries in this sector is very hard to predict. This prediction is important as it is used by a company to determine the future expectation of market share and to plan for the strategies which need to be applied in case of umteen competitors coming in the market. The multimedia coming into the market was one of the threatening competitors Amazon experienced and the way forward for this sector is still not well defined. This means that the company is faced by tempo rary occurrences.

Review of related literature Essay Example for Free

Review of related literature EssayThis chapter covers a followup of related literature which is pertinent to the study. The literature reviewed here provides three different scarcely equally relevant insights on how to betterment benefits actualisation. A. Literature Review The Continuing Role of IS The study Show Me the Money ripe Practices in Benefits acknowledgment (2005), by Dave Aron, Chuck Tucker, and Richard Hunter, is a piece of related literature that is particularly relevant to the present look for paper.Aron et al.s work provides for a comprehensive analysis of the benefits realization life cycle, and provides for five key characteristics for utile benefits realization. Show Me the Money discusses how the benefits realization life cycle should actually be divided into three phases 1) be after 2) execution and 3) gather. Advanced practices, according to Aron et al. , lead to increased business benefits, higher IS credibility, and improved learning which off er be applied to an systems subsequent projects.An organization should focus on participating richly on each of the three cycles. The focus on benefits planning allows an organizations portfolio to be maximized in terms of benefits potential. The work for the organizations IS does not stop at the execution stage of benefits realization, but must play along on until the harvesting phase in order to optimize benefits. In evade 1 below, the advanced practices for each phase of the benefits realization life cycle is outlined by Aron et al. give in 1.Advanced Practices in the Benefits Realization Process Source Aron, Dave, Chuck Tucker, Richard Hunter. (December 2005). Show Me the Money Advanced Practices in Benefits Realization. http//www. gartner. com/DisplayDocument? doc_cd=137020 The significant difference between basic practices and advanced practices in benefits realization, as seen in Table, shows the continued friendship of IS in each and all stage of the cycle. During e xecution, in the advanced practices row, in particular, IS should contribute to change way.This heart and soul that information services role do not stop after delivery of the technology. The practices outlined in Table 1 can be summed up in the five characteristics for an effective benefits realization course as provided by Aron et al. in their research Benefits realization is an end-to-end discipline The business should focus on the benefits life cycle. The organization should expand its focus from the systems development life cycle in order to conjure up IS plowshare to change fightment. Some factors to consider (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005)Benefits realization is a persistent need of every organization. ? Shifting IT portfolios make the benefits realization challenge even more pressing. ? Improving benefits realization goes hand in hand with closer business alignment. ? Benefits of IT-intensive initiatives are realized through three phases (planning, execution, and harvesti ng) ? Advanced practices deliver best benefits realization. ? Planning practices lay the foundation Benefits-focused planning will make sure that an organizations portfolio is maximized regarding benefits potential.Advanced practices should include use of benefits framework to define benefits build results chains to identify all the activities needed coalesce benefits into management processes synchronize all stakeholders around benefits commitments make benefits coaching a part of the governance police squads role (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). ? Execution practices get the business ready IS execution should involve luck the organization to get ready for change in terms of process, culture, and addressing issues that arise.Focus however should remain on the end results or benefits the organization wants to achieve, with IS continuing to contribute to its implementation beyond delivery of the technology. Some recommendations provided by the Show Me the Money study on this are inc lude providing support to the organization with change management capabilities use of empowered problem-solving teams and adapting project governance in response to issues (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). Harvesting practices ensure that evaluate benefits are reaped The role of IS should not stop after execution and implementation of the benefits realization program.It should continue on to what Aron et al. have coined as the harvesting phase. This phase involves measuring the benefits that the project is expected to achieve. The organization, business and IS alike, must manage the entire harvesting phase run benefits-focused post-implementation reviews evolve the project governance team into a harvesting steering group and conduct an independent harvesting audit (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). In this way, the benefits may be quantified, measured, and valued. At the same time, IS and business learning must be analysed and reviewed at this phase.Evaluate and improve benefits realization practices The organization will have a better understanding IS contribution to benefits and how to improve such contribution when they evaluate its benefits realization practices. An understanding of the organizations benefits realization readiness, an evaluation of its benefits realization risk, and implementation of benefits-focused pre- and post-implementation review tools will result in better business benefits, higher IS credibility, and improved learning for the entire organization (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005).In sum, Aron et als critical analysis seeks to redefine and emphasize the role of IS in benefits realization. That role should not be limited to the planning and execution stage but must continue on to the harvesting phase. This analysis is in keeping with the concept-to-cash framework of an ideal and effective benefits realization process. In such a framework, Show Me the Money reminds us, IS, and not just business, plays an important role from start to finish.

Value-Neutrality Paper Associated with Counseling Essay Example for Free

Value-Neutrality Paper Associated with Counseling EssayWhen working in the counseling field, one moldiness remain neutral about issues that a customer is suffering from. A counselor should not remark a leaf node for what he or she may believe in and should make ethical decisions when dealing with his or her clients. Within this paper, one will locate personal beliefs on ethical decisions, ciphers that might flow a counselor to referring a client to another counselor and, what would a counselor do if a referral is not an option. As a counselor, remaining value-neutral to a clients situation should always be practiced with ethical decision-making.A counselor should remain neutral to all issues that a client is in session for to give the client the necessity help that is needed. If a counselor expresses moral judgment to a client in regards to his or her issue, the client can become resistant to the therapy session and the counselor. A client comes to the counselor because t hey are looking for help not to be judged or looked at negatively (Module 3 Lecture). With the issues stated above, I would be able to have a therapy session with a client, even though I am against all of the issues.Personally, I would stay away from my own values and beliefs so that no problems will arise within our counseling relationship. An example is that if I were to use my own values in a therapeutic session with a client, it would be only to allow the client to see that I was not successful with a similar issue they are facing. Out of nine ethical-decision making models that were created for counselors, no two models were alike but had similarities. Most of the models stated for one to identify the problem, consult the ethic codes, recover about the consequences of the decision, and choose what is best for the client (Remley Herlihy, 2010).With ethical-decision making, as a counselor one must merge a model that fits them personally to help the client because no one model works for everyone. If a counselor is faced with a client who suffers from any of these issues, the counselor has to work with the client to help them with his or her situation. Be mindful to the issue that the client is facing and if you are not experienced and do not fully understand, get help from another counselor who is more experienced in that area.A factor that may lead a counselor to refer a client to another counselor is handled effort by case for the best outcome for the client. Reasons would be, if the client has come to a counselor that is not educate to treat the condition the client needs help with, dual relationships, insurance reasons, financial abilities of an agency, or if the client and counselor is having difficulties relating. If referring a client was not an option, I would work with another counselor to gain the necessary knowledge that is needed to treat my client and make the situation professional (Module 3 Lecture).

Chinese nurse-client relationship Essay Example for Free

Chinese nurse-client relationship EssayThe Chinese perspective of treat Nursing is to understand the health status and concerns of a person, to devise interventions with appropriate health knowledge and skills. thither are four Chinese characteristics of epistemic concerns. Qing (? ) is emotion. Li (? ) and zhi (? ) means knowing what is good and right in practice through scientific or systematic studies respectively. Xing (? ) is action. The chinese perspective of nurse To nurse, Chinese hoi polloi generally argree that the role of the nurses is to report their conditions rapidly to doctors. A Confucian principle of hierarchical relationship between doctor and nurses shows that nurses should know their place, defer to their superiors anf know when to call doctors. Solution to chinese implication Some Chinese cultures like popular opinion, value, attitudes and taboos may act as barriers of clients and nurses. It can be tackled by reminding the nurse to be heathen sensitive in caring process. For instances, nurses may consider characteristics of Chinese people. Chinese always avoid the develop dead which is a symbol of unauspicious. They can tacit communication approach like euphemism which is indirect language using the end of life.Nurses may apply therapeutic communication strategies -To be client-focused, problem-oriented and situational based -Classified as supportive-expressive, uninflected and consultative -Directive and educationally focused The Chinese culture is conflicts between Chinese culture and health belief of western medicine. To solve it, we nurses acknowledge of culturally specific nature of problem. Another Chinese culture is the custom perceive problem as family affairs. To solve it, we nurse can build up nurse-client relationship with unshakable bond of trust by more communication.

Bukidnon Deer Park and Wildlife Center Reaction Paper Essay Example for Free

Bukidnon Deer Park and Wildlife nubble Reaction Paper EssayOn August 26, 2012 I visited the Bukidnon Deer Park and Wildlife Center dictated at San Miguel, Maramag, Bukidnon. The purpose of the trip was to look at some fascinating wild animals that live from dissimilar parts of the world and to learn more about them.The first animals I visited were the mammals. Mammals are class of homoi new(prenominal)mic vertebrate animals that prolong, in the female, milk-secreting organs for feeding the young. The animals available at the park that represents this class were the Long-tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis), Palawan Bear scour (Arctictus binturong), Common Palm Civet (Paradoxuros hermaphrodites), Balabac Mouse Deer (Tragulus nigricans), Leopard Cat (Pronailarus bengalensis), Philippine Mouse Deer (Cervus marianus), and last the Wild Pig (Sus philippinensis). After we have visited the mammals we then go straight to the Aves. solely on the mode to the Aves we came along to pass by the Japanese Koi (Cyprinus carpio). These are carps with red-gold or white coloring, kept as an aquarium or ornamental pond fish, native in Japan. They were so fun to watch.Finally we beat where the Aves are caged. Aves are two-legged, warm-blooded animals with wings, a beak, and personate covered with feathers. These animals lay ball from which their young hatch, and most of the species can fly. The animals available at the park that represents this class were the Philippine Serpent bird of Jove (Spilornis holospilus), Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indicus), Single-wattled Cassowary (Casuarius unappendiculatus), Dwarf Cassowary (Cassuarius bennetti), Indian Blue Peafowl (Pavo cristatus), Indian Ringneck Parakeet (Psittacula krameri), Blue-naped Parrot (Tanygnathus lucionensis), Pied violet Pigoen (Ducula bicolor), Nicobar Pigeon (Caleonas nicobarica), Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus), Spotted Imperial Pigeon (Ducula carola), Lady Amherst Pheasant (Chrysolophus amherst iae), Blacked-chinned Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus leclancheri), True Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), Mindanao Rofous Hornbill (Buceros hydrocorax mindanensis), Visayan Hornbill (Penelopide panini), and lastly the African Ostrich (Struthio camelius) which I liked the most because of its beautiful eyes and long eyelashes.Ostrich is in addition the largest and rapid living bird. It is a two-toed fast-running bird with a long bare neck, small head, and fluffy dropping feathers. But sad to say, it cannot fly. The third and last animal I visited were the reptiles. Reptiles are animals with tough, dry skin covered with ruttish scales. Reptiles are vertebrates animals with backbone. They share characteristics common to other vertebrates fish, amphibians, birds, and mammals. But reptiles display a unique combination of characteristics that distinguishes them from other vertebrates. Like amphibians, modern reptiles are cold-blooded, or ectothermic.This means that they are unable to prod uce their own automobile trunk heat, so they rely on the sun for body warmth, and much of their behavior is directed toward regulating their body temperature. Some of the most widespread living reptiles are turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and alligators. The park only exhibit crocodiles among the class reptilian. They have the Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), and the Philippine Crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis). The Bukidnon Deer Park and Wildlife Center helped for the maintenance of these wild animals that are near to endangerment and they also hatch eggs and do breeding for these animals to survive in this cruel world. This is very important so that our next generation can still see this wonderful creatures and gain knowledge at them.

Lowering the Drinking Age in America Essay Example for Free

Lowering the crapulence era in America EssayBeing cardinal in the United States of America gives each citizen a newborn freedom. However when it manages to the consumption of intoxicant, being eighteen restricts one from being every last(predicate)owed to ratifiedly defile, or throw inebriant. The most debatable topic a supporter of changing the inebriation age would argue, is that if citizens ar middle-aged enough to fight for our estate, they should be able to purchase an alcoholic beverage. The consumption of alcohol age should be lowered to eighteen for economic purposes to take in the nation, and the number of drunk driving accidents could littleen. Due to just most of these reasons, the legal imbibition age should be lowered from twenty-one to eighteen. If one is recognized as a legal adult, with the ability to make decisions independently, the consumption of alcohol should be held to ones discretion.When one turns eighteen, there are many a(prenominal ) decisions that can be made, but alcohol is not one of them. The ingestion of alcoholic beverages should be at ones own pleasure. With every decision made in life there is a cause and case some(prenominal) can be either good or bad. Some privileges given to an eighteen family old American with the ability to encounter decisions to make independently include the ability to vote, marry, smoke a cigarette (in most states), enlist in the military, give sexual consent, apply for a deferred payment card, and buy a home.The same way the consent is given to postulate in sexual intercourse, there is danger of getting pregnant. Every time cigarette is lit, the number of chances of getting lung cancer increase. Without self-control, a newly obtained credit card can instantly become maxed out (pros and cons. 2014, July 18). Although, if one practices moderation the consequences listed above can be preventable. Thus being the case, because why would it not be substantial to consume alcoh ol? The drunkenness age should not be postponed to the age of twenty-one solely because if an individual can make responsible decisions based on their own body, they should urinate the secure to do so.From the early stages of our mental development, we are taught what is right and what is wrong. Being eighteen or twenty-one does not change the logic of drunkenness until the point of drinking is not what is best for you. Whether you are eighteen or twenty-one, understanding that operating a vehicle, while intoxicated, is both a hazard to yourself and others on the road, the individual just needs to be responsible. The National Minimum swallow Age Act, was enforced during FDRs presidency, is initiated by MADD, (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) to eliminate less mature eighteen year olds, from having alcohol in their possession. (Pros and cons. 2014, July 18).However, what many fail to realize is that before the MDAA was enacted, the number of drunk driving fatalities decreased am ong all age groups and demographics, leaving this Act irresponsible for the positive shift in gild, in 1980. There were few drinking and driving fatalities worldwide in countries that do not prohibit eighteen year olds from eat alcohol. In 1980, America had less drunk driving related fatalities than any other European country with legal drinking ages under twenty-one. (Pros and cons. 2014, July 18). If the United States lowers the drinking age to eighteen, the number of drunk driving fatalities could decrease just like Europe.Movements generate been set forth to help politicians realize how beneficial changing the legal age would be. In 2008, college presidents launched the Amethyst initiative, which supports the idea of lowering the drinking age to promote moderation and disgrace risks common for imbibers at a younger age. This initiative recognized drunk driving as a serious problem however it is not the only danger targeting underage drinkers. They contend that by allowing colleges and universities to have alcohol openly available to all inhabitants of its campus, risk featureors such as drinking-fueled violence, alcohol poisoning, and drunken injuries would be eliminated on campuses. Essentially, because the college and/or university would be able to educate their students on the dangers of consuming alcohol, now they could take presidency agency in the activity effectively. (Cary, Mary Kate.7 May 2014)Psychologically, lowering the drinking age would eliminate many insubordinate individuals from seeking the consumption of illegal alcohol. Many people setout to do things they know are not allowed, just for the fun of it. If eighteen year olds were allowed to drink, they would not be more likely to engage in the act or be able to put themselves in harms way. In todays society, underage drinking is understood as the norm however, it is still frowned upon. Accidents caused by drinking, is what causes the downfall of a teens drinking experience, mainl y due(p) to the fact it is looked down upon. Whether the teen was sneaking around so the cops, or their parents, would not scold them for drinking, or their friend gets sick but does not want to get in trouble for having alcohol and allow their friend die. More related incidents come because of avoiding the consequences of the law. If this law of the legal drinking age did not exist, then things would turn around for the better.For example, the first time a teen gets to experience their first drink, they are less inclined to practice moderation because they understand that it is not something they are allowed to do or can intimately do often, causing the teen to risk alcohol poisoning. If the consequences of underage drinking could potentially lead to jail, compassionate nature would trigger the individual to leave the scene of the accident before they are jeopardized too. If drinking were allowed and an eighteen year old just had too much to drink that night, then calling an am bulance and seeking health check attention would not be the last thing in that individuals mind because they would not fear their livelihood. Relating blanket to understanding what is right or wrong, self-preservation usually overrides doing what is better for someone else, rather than themselves. More harm has come from having the drinking age at twenty-one because alcohol is still going to be consumed whether it is legally or illegally.Raising the age of alcohol consumption has not eliminated underage drinking completely in fact a majority of alcohol is consumed by underage drinkers. The National Center on Addiction and gist Abuse found that 17.5% of underage drinking accounts revenue was from underage buyers. Another study, completed in 2006 acknowledge that about 72.2% of twelfth graders in America admitted to having drunk alcohol. Since a large amount of alcohol is illegally obtained, the number of citizens complying with government regulations has declined.If anything, un derage drinking has promoted the use of creating, selling and buying false identification. In todays societywhere identity theft is a common concern and national security concerns are always in high alert due to illegal circulation of documents, in lieu of fraud, immigrations and terrorism, having fewer false identifications circulating passim the United States would be safer for our nation and would show more respect for the law from its citizens (public health spot, 23,May 2014).Haste makes molder and what the government fails to realize is that aside from the perk of the well being of an eighteen year old drinker being increased, the economy can then benefit too. By changing the nominal legal drinking age to eighteen, more people would have access to legal alcohol, which would raise sales across the board. This would benefit small businesses, bars, restaurants, clubs and any other licensed establishment in the country. Also, more job opportunities will aggrandize due to the i ncrease in consumers, and the overall increase in demand. If alcohol sales increased, then the government would be able to collect larger amounts of tax revenue and greatly reduce spending on anti-alcohol campaigns.If so many positive outcomes could come from changing the legal drinking age from twenty-one to eighteen then why are the states not arguing to keep their legal drinking age at eighteen fighting back to regain their once acquired right? While it is indefinitely argued that state governments should have the right to establish their own legal drinking age, the federal government puts a hold on the states economy by allowing the age to be changed.The federal government threatened to withhold 10% of track funding from any state that resisted complying with the act. Yet again, the federal government took a step forward and pressured their option on states decisions regarding monetary affairs, forcing the states to choose from losing millions in annual highway funds or keepin g their minimum legal drinking age at eighteen (Pros and cons, 2014. July18).We see there are many legal, psychological, economic and moral prospective points that benefit the drinking age to be lowered to eighteen. Changing the national drinking age to 18 will secure safety among teens across the nation, assist the economy, and act on promoting alcohol moderation byhaving it obtainable by those who choose to drink.ReferencesProCon.org. (2014, July 18). _Minimum Legal Drinking Age_ http//drinkingage.procon.org/Cary, Mary Kate. Lower the U.S. Drinking Age. _US News_. U.S.News World Report, 7 May 2014. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.Public Health Spotlight. _Vermont Department of Health_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.Selective assistance System Welcome. _Selective Service System Welcome_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.U.S. Office of Personnel Management Www.OPM.gov. _U.S. Office of Personnel Management_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.2014 Stop small Drinking Portal of federal official Resources. _2014 Stop Underage Drinking Portal of Federal Resources_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.Protecting Youth. _Protecting Youth_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.2014 Stop Underage Drinking Portal of Federal Resources. _2014 Stop Underage Drinking Portal of Federal Resources_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.Accessibility Information. _Programs_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.

Black Nationalism Essay Example for Free

Black patriotism Essay

Discussing The Process Of Operations Management Information Technology Essay

Discussing The Process Of Operations Manage handst Information applied scholarship EssayOperations focus is a do work of managing resources essential for ingatheringion and deliverance of the carrefours and processs. Its grassroots quarry is to improve the amount of value-added activities in distributively of the processes.The part of the confederacy that is entrusted with this process is the appendages answer. As each and every organization produces products they all atomic subject 18 bound to gift trading operations function. The people responsible for managing the operation functions resources argon known as operations managers. In different type of organizations they may be cal conduct by different names like in supermarket they are store manager, etc.This report demonstrates the three operations management techniques which helped the companies improve their barter activities and performance. They were tack on Chain Management (SCM)Enterprise Resource Plan ning (ERP) resume eccentric Management(TQM)In this report the case studies involving the imposeation of the above three techniques are explained. The benefits experienced by the companies and any veers they could have make to maximise them are in any case mentioned.Supply Chain Management (SCM)Supply chain management consists of coordinating the material and selective development flow, and the finances betwixt the supplier, manu positionurer and the consumer. Its master(prenominal) object lens is inventory reduction assuming that when products are needed they are available. The supply networks are made up of Supplier-buyer blood. The flow of Supply chain management flows potful be divided into three partsThe productThe informational flowThe financial flowThe behavior of the supply chain is dynamic and is known as bullwhip effect. This inhabit that if on that point are piffling exchanges happening at the end of the supply chain they start create changes at the star t of the supply chain. The reduction of the bullwhip effect dirty dog be achieved byEfficiently distributing the information by connecting all the operations to the demand source.Establishing a similar close making process on the entire supply chain.Increasing the efficiency of the operations by eliminating sources of waste.Supplier woodland managementThe basic need of any accompany from their suppliers is the deliverance of good whole tone products on right age. The crush apply of improving the pure tone of product is by improving the quality of raw materials supplied by suppliers.SQM can be implemented by following the practices mentioned belowEstimating and finding the cost incurred imputable to poor supplier qualityThis is in any case known as COPQ (Cost of poor quality). The COPQ can be calculated from the followingThe cost incurred due to scrapping and re on the job(p).The closedown of our assembly line due to defective products.The costs of shipping back the defec tive products to suppliers and the stock-purchase warrant costs.Developing a clay for recovering our costsIn this, the suppliers are charged back for furnish poor quality products. Here, we must include non lone(prenominal) the material costs but also the non-material costs like packaging defective products, their transportation costs, etc.Auditing and rating of suppliersThis is the most discerning counselling of checking whether our suppliers are conforming to our mentioned processes, quality dusts, transporting, etc. It can be through with(p) once every stratum for all of our suppliers.The advantages gained by companies by having effective supply chain areThey have low living and real costs.They can urinate delivery of better value and have repeat of business with the customers.They can easily remove waste from the process.They get more turnover profits and can make capacious term syllabuss for the future.Summary of Case study for Supplying fast fashionThis case stu dy best demonstrates how the garment retailing business is carried go forth in this dane age.It shows how the different fashion motifs which would non have been crimson considered by a retail store can halt-up the ghost must-have in a short period. The working of top retail distinguishs like HM, Zara and Benetton is been explained. It explains the quicker-picker-upper fashion concept which has made Zara, HM todays leading retailers.Reasons To achieve this science of fast fashion product development cycles need to compress, which can be done through effective supply chain management. The retail brands believed that the further way they can keep stocks to a minimum patch group meeting the customers demand chop-chop and flexibly was through the consolidation of processes along the supply chain alone the top 3 brands have their supply chain divided in four exemplifysDesigning of garmentsManufacturing diffusion to retail unwrapletsRetail operationsDesigningDesigning is of e xtreme importance in retailing market. The stores are supposed to deliver soaring and fast fashion at an inexpensive cost not bare set about cost.H M spiriting -It is carried out by squad of 100 designers in Stockholm who guide with multitude of 50 pattern designers, about 100 buyers and many budget controllers.Zara designing Here, the design idea is derived from three different sources-the designers, market analysts and the buyers who order consignments to suppliers. The design stage for Zara is divided in three sections Women, men and children chlothes.The simulacrum designs are created and tried out by placing all the three sources (designers, market analysts and buyers) in puny workshops. The market analysts capture the sunrise(prenominal) happenings in the fashion market as they are always in contact with the retail stores. This way Zaras retail stores are at the start of the supply chain and not at the end.DistributionThe investment costs incurred by Zara and Benetton in automating their warehouses is very high as they requirement them to be near proceeds centres which could store, pack and develop independent orders for the network of retail stores around the globe. Currently, Zara only uses half of its warehousing capacity while Benetton is still exploring the possibility of using RFID tags for tracking garments.The distribution process at HM is still routine. The stock management is carried out internally and physical distribution is sub-contracted. In HM, goods are despatchd to retail site from production site through a transit terminal in Hamburg owned by the HM itself. These goods are and so inspected and stored in a centralized stock room known as call-off warehouse where stores are replenished on each item level depending on what is s aged.ManufacturingManufacturing costs can be significantly reduced if there are reduced attention costs. Therefore, most of the Benettons manufacturing operations are carried out in Asia, North Africa and Eastern Europe. The expensive technological operations are carried out in privately owned Benettons sites whereas all the labor intensive operations would be carried out by smaller contractors. The central Benetton facility decides upon how lots and what is to be produced by non-Italian networks. Similar is the case with HM, whose 50% production is carried out in Asia. They have 21 offices all over the world which co-ordinate the supplier activities. The rubicund relation maintained between suppliers and production offices allows them to buy fabric early. The actual cut offting and dyeing of the garments carried out at later stage. This helps in delaying conductment of an order, thereby reducing risk of purchasing wrong items.Zara owns much of its manufacturing capabilities which it can manipulate to meet the customer demands at short response. Almost 50% of Zaras productions, most of which are expensive operations (cutting, dyeing) are carried out in plants owned by Zara in Spain and similar to Benetton the labor intensive operations are sub-letted to contractors. Volume flexibility is maintained by Zara and their sub-contractors using a oneness shift system.RetailThis working is almost similar between all stores.HM stores have average coat of 1300 sq.m and are owned and managed by themselves. Zara stores are smaller compared to HM with 800 sq.m size. The Benetton shops on the other hand are 1300-1500 sq.m.Previously the stores use to be run by third parties as small shops. Though there is deviance in size they all have similar aim of providing the customer with comfortable atmosphere to make them feel at home and allow them to buy what they want.BenefitsThe retail brands were able to achieve a high level of integration using supply chain management. This allows them to quickly react to customers demand and be ductile with minimum stocks posssible.They were able to find the correct balance between fashion, price and quality(Each brand has their own horse virtuoso of fashion, price and quality).The average supply lead time achieved was about3 weeks 6 months. Of these 3 brands, Zara has achieved shortest lead times called as catwalk to rack time which is as small as 15 days. This means that not a undivided garment in Zara store is older than two weeks. The designs are also not repeated and are produced in small batches. This ultimately forces customers to avoid delaying their purchase and visit the store frequently lead to increase profits. Effective Supply Chain Management has helped each of the company to become a global brand image in their own way while keeping their production costs low.SuggestionsIn the manufacturing stage where the raw materials are supplied by different suppliers a star rating system can be used. In this procedure a 3 star is given to that supplier which has previous record of success on supply factors set by company itself. On contrary, no stars are given to them with whom company has had certain chores before. We can do this as shown in supplier calculation table below look upon can be added to the retail industry by personalizing the needs of customer and improving customer service by using RFID technology. To automate the supply chain RFID can be used. This will help in labor reduction which accounts for about 50-80% of distribution costs. The benefits gained by implementation of RFID through supply chain can be clearly explained by figure given below(Tajima M 2007)RFID can prove highly useful in retail industry to control inventory efficiency and also as a theft protection service. (Michael K, McCathie L)ERPThe most common and important problem involved in operations management is managing the vast amounts of info while performing it. It is extremely important that the information of each and every function done spread among the entire organization. This is what will enable them to make crucial decisions like when the activity to be done, by whom is and what is the cap acity indispensable. ERP-Enterprise Resource Planning is used to perform all the above said activities and chastise the problems arriving from them.ERP is an intelligent IT system which integrates all parts and functions of an organization to plan and control activities essential for operations management. This integration also allows for transparency among all parts of organization. ERP is a complex and challenging system to implement as it is basically designed to solve problems involving fragmentation of information. An ERP system almost forces everyone to forces everyone involved in an organization to change the way they used to do their job.ERP automates the processes involved in all business operations right from victorious of an order from the customer, delivering it and the billing process. In ERP, when an order is been taken by the company representative, he has full information of the customer like his credit rating and also the companys. As ERP has a single database system the rude(a) order can be accessed by all the departments and when one department is finished with the order it is automatically transferred to the next department by ERP.The location of the order can also be easily bring in using a ERP system. The ERP system make the order processing faster and the customer receive them quickly with fewer errors.The key success factors required for successful ERP implementation areTop level management support and commitmentClear vision and proper planningHaving a Project championA set time frame to deliver the implementation strategyProject and change management prissy IT infrabody structure and selecting the right ERP packageMaintaining healthy relationship with the ConsultantRisk managementThe investment required for buying and implementing the software is very high.This can be proved by the survey conducted by the META group on the Total cost of ownership of ERP involving all costs like software, hardware and all lag cost. The highest Total Cost of Ownership was of about $300 million and lowest was $400,000.the average price for user of ERP for period of two years was a massive $53,320.which proves ERP is expensive. well-nigh of the risks involved with ERP implementation areThe chances of under(a) estimating the overall cost are highThe training and the expertise level required from the consultants will be more than expected.Under estimation of effort and time required.The project scope can be nasty to control and the need for change management may not be recognized on time3. A case study conducted at Rolls-Royce investigating the implementation of ERP (SAP)In this case study, the Introduction and reason of company along with the changes observed by them after the implementation of ERP is discussed. The risks involved with implementation of SAP are also presented.Reasons For implementationRolls-Royce returned back to private sector in 1987 and started acquisition of companies which enabled them to consolidate their position in industrial power .The basic reason for implementing ERP was to sort out centralized database from old legacy MRP2 systems. ahead ERP, Rolls-Royce had as many as 1500 systems which were developed internally. The operation of these legacy systems was expensive maintenance was equally difficult. They did not assist for high-fidelity and good decision making as they were unable to provide accurate getatable data. The systems implemented were unable to communicate between individual sites. The tracking of the work in progress between sites was inaccurate and causing inventory problems. The legacy systems were unable to communicate direct with suppliers and customers. (Yahaya Y, Gunasekaran A, Abthorpe M S 2004).Rolls-Royce then decided to outsource its IT department to EDS.This allowed Rolls-Royce to concentrate on its main area of expertise which was developing and manufacturing aero-engines. A squad of specialists from EDS-the outsourcing firm was assigned the ta sk of implementing ERP project which also had SAP consultants in their team. The team was comfortably equipped with managers and staff that had crucial knowledge of old legacy systems understanding of cross functional business relationships. Yahaya Y, Gunasekaran A, Abthorpe M S 2004).Although the natural systems implemented were better than most of the legacy systems they were not fully comprehend as the older ones. The team decided to overcome this problem by conducting seminars for the staff and explaining them the improvements the new systems have made to company. Training was given to about 10000 people through demonstrations, meetings and presentations.Strategy and directionFor the project, Rolls-Royce required over 100 personal computers and the total cost incurred was two million pounds. The scope and the outline plan for the project were made. A team was allocated to look over actual implementation process. After this a prototype was created and installed. This prototype model was based on Rolls-Royce Allison model. In this stage following activities were carried outReviewing preliminary design Here, strategy for designing and implementation was developed along with BPM (Business process model)Development and customization of the vanilla prototype.Reviewing of implementation and the technical operations.Development of the systems and their conversions before they Go-live.The main implementation stage was divided into two shivers. The first wave got delayed by 6 months becauseThey wanted to provide more time for line organizations to prepare and fair(a) up data.To allocate time for pilot testing and system development.To overcome difficulties faced with SAP usage. beat one-The main objective here was to replace all the old systems. In wave one new manufacturing system like SFDMs were introduced. The pilot project of SAP suggested the end of wave one.Wave second In this wave the engine assembly was implemented. This wave lasted for one year in dura tion. The second wave was ended when new systems began showing positive results.Enterprise Resource pilotThis pilot system was a small scale system run for 3 months and number 4 shops was chosen as facility where transmissions and structure operations were centre of attention for company. The reason for this facility selection was its low production capacity of only 280 parts. The pilot system was used to demonstrate processes and procedures for businesses .They were also responsible for defining role for each share and demonstrate how to manage data transfers.Go-liveThe problems encountered on going live wereThey had user authorization issues like passwords, etcThe route cards were not there due to which work on shop deck was temporarily halted. exercise problems were observed and they were corrected by comparing old and new systems. The actual main pat of go-live system was difficult as the shear amount of data to be transferred from legacy systems was huge. To achieve this data was required to be kept in a state of stability for up to 10 weeks. The initial data like the list of suppliers was to be transferred and if any error occurred on old system they were recorded and passed on to the new system.MRP system was used to complete the go-love process which took 2 weeks time. After the go-live stage the old system were kept in view only mode which allowed comparisons to be done between new and old systems.Project risksThis project was involved with all the departments and ha its associated risks. These risks were tried to be overcomed by the ERP implementation team by maintaining a risk register. Some of the risks mentioned on the internet page of Rolls-Royce areIf due to many reason there was no delivery or unavailability of the IT hardware.Possibility of failure while freight rate the data or setting priorities on ERP.The project would have significant impact on the accounts of the company at the year end.BenefitsThe effectiveness of much(prenominal) a bigger scale IT project is often difficult to understand .The benefits achieved from such a huge project requires at least a year to become visisble.The most immediate and important benefits that was achieved was to make a promise to customer and deliver it on time. This led to improved customer satisf transaction and boosts their confidence which would result in increased orders for the future. The ERP system improved the relationship within the supply chain where Electronic communications were used to make transactions easier. The ERP system made communications between all the parts of the business absolutely clear. The Rolls-Royce management gained a better sense of control over number of operations which resulted in continuous improvements. It made possible to have accurate and timely information about their customers, business partners and suppliers.SuggestionsThe company for the future can create a large data warehouse. In this the data can be stored centrally and extracted from all different places like historical and external databases. The data can be stored in user friendly format which can be accessible by non-external users. This data warehouse will help in collecting all the new data and merge it with the old data.. The management of EIS (Enterprise Information system) to check its sustainability can be done to maximize the benefits gained from an ERP system.TQMQuality is the only one of the five operations performance criteria to have its own dedicated chapter in this book. There are two reasons for this. First, in some organizations a separate function is devoted solely to the management of quality. Second, quality is a key concern of almost all organizations.High-quality goods and services can give an organization a considerable competitive edge. Good quality reduces the costs of rework, waste, complaints and returns and, most importantly, generates satisfied customers. Some operations managers believe that, in the long run, quality is the m ost important single factor touch on an organizations performance relative to its competitors.Case Study TQM SummaryRendall owned Preston graphics plant is located in Vancouver. Before, in March 2000 the plant was bought from Georgetown co-operation. This is a small-scale production plant of precision coated topic required in ink-jet printers. The precise coating was applied by coating machines after which they were cut into coated rods in conversion departments. They were then packed and shipped in small containers.Scenario before ImplementationThe main customer of the plant was HP(Hewlett-Packard) and they were the one who pointed out the problems they were facing from the theme supplied to them. They were unable to curl the coated paper at low humidity conditions. This problem was noticed by HP personnel as there was no formal complaint made by Hps customers. The plant then hired a team which resolved the problem in the next 7-8 months. The process started producing in accepta ble limits but this was due to the fact that they were only concerned about shipping the product within the specification limits. They had a culture which did not care about how close they were to the specification limits and eventually not be able to meet them. This resulted in the plant making loss of $2 million in a year even though they had buoyant sales. This was mainly due to lower productivity and high scrap and rework. To overcome them the management team hastily made a number of changes like increasing the speed of operation line to improve productivity. But still the process charts given by HP showed that the plant was not capable fair to middling to satisfy their need for the next 3 generations.The plant was then bought by Rendall which was not happy with the plants proceed losses and the important customers dissatisfaction (HP).The plant continued to have productivity and quality problems. The full extent of the problem was made visible to the Preston quality manager b y the HP engineer in a meeting at Chicago. They clearly explained him the process control charts they had which were given to them by Preston themselves. They convinced the Preston manager that people at Preston were not giving importance to the data showed by process control charts otherwise they would have recognise their quality problems.The quality manager then decided to bring the plant under control. He along with his team then reviewed the decisions they made right from the start when the curl problem appeared and they adjusted the process. The team used a set of shut-down rules which enabled the operations to halt a line if they thought the product they were making was of subscript quality. This resulted in throwing away almost 64 large size rolls and about $10000 worth of scrapped product.The guidelines for shut down procedure were that they had to get rid of the defect and when that is done they are allowed to operate. This might cause the managers to tell the workers to improve their productivity but they would harshly criticize the workers if they were violating the quality process procedures. The two more change they implemented wereDaily reviewing of the control chart dataThe control chart data was then debated by the staff that was kept away from production while doing this.There was uncertainty among quite a few due to no production but it was vital as it got all the 3 shift operators lecture about quality issues and control chart data. This caused a positive atmosphere among the workers and boosted the morale of the shop floor team. It led to remarkable improvements on quality front and improved efficiency of plant. The further progressive action taken in quality management by the plant was the implementation of Statistical process control. thusly they did zero-based assessment to bring the costs down by reducing labor costs. They began downsizing process. The less number in workforce means that they should produce good quality paper in the first place to avoid inspection process. The plant workforce then decided to develop a portfolio for the ideas of new product which would boost their confidence. The most significant idea was of protowrap in which the new print wrap was able to be repulped.BenefitsPreston Company made profits after Christmas of 2000 after a period of 2 years. Moreover, they had made such a progress that they were beginning to get noticed at corporate level. This caused HP (Hewlett-Packard) to ask them to conjure for their new product. It had continuous three months of profits and they also received the new contract from HP. The plants new quality procedures and principles allowed them to produce products more economically. The most significant benefit Preston received by implementing TQM was that they were able to reverse the decision made by Rendall-their owners to shut them down. The plant not only survived but flourished due to implementation of Quality based principles.SuggestionsImplementing QMS(Quality Management System) having corrective actionsThis will be required when we encounter problems relating non-conformance of our supplier products. After faced with the problem, we must be able to locate the problem and find its root cause with immediate effect. This is done by (CAPA) corrective action items. The system implemented should be such that it should itself assess the cost of quality and try to initiate the recovery cost process with the supplier.Involving suppliers in quality systemsSuppliers should be encouraged to implement quality systems within their company so that they can easily reach the quality of products required and also save paying the recovering costs. (Metric Stream, 2010)